Why did the global financial system meltdown in 2008 Essay

For what reason did the worldwide money related framework emergency in 2008 - Essay Example The expansion in the quantity of awful credits prompted debasement of organization resources and the benchmark lists plunged because of the disintegration of financial specialist certainty. This impact spread across different economies of the world. The national creation levels, imports and fares brought which gave ascend down to decrease of utilization request. The fall of utilization in the economy again pulled down the efficiency levels along these lines shaping an endless loop which incited proper activities from policymakers for financial recuperation. Diagram and key balanced concepts:â global money related framework emergency and applicable issues of world economy The worldwide monetary emergency that happened in 2008 had its root in the financial emergency in US. The financial emergency in US began with the emergency in the lodging markets of US. The costs of the lodging market were consistently expanding during the center time of the 1980s to 1990s. The interests in the lod ging market were worthwhile as the financial specialists in land and lodging properties could understand different estimations of their underlying ventures inside a brief timeframe. The speculation reserves were obtained from the banks and money related foundations. The banks and the monetary establishments likewise saw that their advances could acquire them premium reimbursements in brief timeframe and the hidden home loan properties were additionally of high incentive in the market. In the situation of higher development in limited ability to focus time, the budgetary establishments needed due industriousness while surveying the credit boundaries of the borrowers. The approaches of the US government additionally impacted such exercises in the market as each resident of US had a key right of holding lodging property. This marvel prompted the arrangement of a lodging bubble. Because of absence of more tight credit approaches, the pay level of the borrowers and their past financial r ecord were not completely checked. This caused the lodging air pocket to blast when the borrowers at one purpose of time couldn't reimburse the advances. The emergency circumstance happened when the heaviness of terrible advances expanded past extents (Kates, 2011). The budgetary organizations and the corporate houses which held the lodging properties as basic home loans acquired substantial misfortunes because of the terrible ventures. The offer costs of the organizations including enormous names like the Lehmann Brothers fell and the shareholders’ riches was disintegrated in brisk time. This prompted an immense emergency in the economy of US that made the budgetary downturn in 2008. The financial emergency in US is additionally alluded to as the subprime emergency. The misfortunes that happened in the lodging market is alluded to as subprime on the grounds that this market had a moderately lesser adherence to credit boundaries for loaning and included borrowers who couldn't benefit advances from the prime house loaning market. The monetary emergency gradually and step by step spread to different economies too and the worldwide money related framework was hit by the financial emergency (Allen, 1999). This was the time of financial changes by creating nations like China, India which prompted its combination with the world exchange. The worldwide economy was intensely reliant on the fares and imports of the nations everywhere throughout the world like US, UK, Canada, nations of the European Union, Middle East, China, India, and so forth. The financial emergency in US prompted the fall of utilization request and efficiency in the economy. Subsequently, the fares and imports of the nation hampered which thusly influenced the imports and fares of different nations everywhere throughout the globe. In this manner the impact of financial emergency softened down to the economies too

Connecticut gubernatorial election 2014 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Connecticut gubernatorial political race 2014 - Essay Example In contrast to most states, races are held independently for the places of representative and lieutenant senator. The champs get an opportunity to run together on similar tickets. History has it that Malloy and the officeholder lieutenant representative, Nancy Wyman, were re-selected. There are a few people running for the representative position, for example, Visconti Joe running as a free up-and-comer and Thomas Foley. The occupant senator and the officeholder Lieutenant were named significance there were no primaries held. In his announcement, Malloy said that he was going to run again for the position. He guaranteed the individuals that his crusade would be about the individuals. He underscores on the work they have done together throughout the most recent three years. He demanded that the battle is about the things that his authority upheld by the individuals need to achieve in the following coming term (Yazbak A19). Malloy is at present fifty-eight years old. He stands to be the principal equitable representative to look for re-appointment in Connecticut (Yazbak A19). He is running against his center rival for the Republican Party, Tom Foley. He vanquished Tom in the 2010 races by an edge of 6404 votes. Malloy is not really starting his battle without any preparation. The Democratic Party has gathered $2.3 million since January 2013 in anticipation of the political race. The cash is going to assist the gathering with organizing a functioning effort in an offer to reach however many voters as could be allowed so as to make a positive effect on all the voters (Murphy). As of now Malloy and the arranging group for the battle have named those to take key situations in the battle field. Malloy consoled his candidature since February when he grasped president Obama’s exertion for the lowest pay permitted by law to be set at $10.10. He guaranteed that the plan is set as a need for the 2014 crusa de (Murphy). Cautiously investigating some other surveys directed over the most recent a while, there is no specific one where

We Care About Your Data - Heres Why You Should Too - Focus

We Care About Your Data - Here’s Why You Should Too - Focus Did the Facebook / Cambridge Analytica reports have you wondering just how secure the online tools you use are? In this article, we’ll advise on how to assess your current tools and share our approach at MeisterLabs to protecting user data, no matter what. Are the tools you’re using putting your data at risk? Reports that Cambridge Analytica illegally acquired the records of 50 million Facebook users have made many rightly question who they can trust with their personal data. However, it’s not only on Facebook that we share personal data about ourselves, our work, and even our friends and family, on a daily basis. Think about the contents of your emails, your to-do list and all the other forms of online communications that you use. It’s essential that all of these products, from social media to task management tools, are looking out for your privacy and security too. As we’ll explain, looking for products with servers outside of the U.S. is a good place to start, but there are other strategies to protect your security online too. Well share a few here. Protecting your data on Facebook In the case of Cambridge Analytica, the majority of user data was reportedly harvested prior to 2016. At this time, Facebook apps could ask for permission to not only access your personal data but also the data of all your Facebook friends. As a result, the 300,000 people that signed up to take a personality quiz supposedly handed over the data of 150 times that number of people. If you’re concerned that you could’ve been affected by this, you can access the app settings page on Facebook to see which apps are connected to your account and deauthorize any you no longer need. Additionally, if you’d like to keep your Facebook account but want to minimize the amount of data shared on it, you can use the Social Book Post Manager plug-in to delete data shared before a chosen date let’s be honest, no one’s reading your Facebook statuses from 5 years ago anyway Choosing a product based outside of the US Unfortunately, these data breaches are by no means limited to Facebook. The 2013 Snowden revelations documented how the NSA’s work to weaken encryption, via so-called ‘backdoors’, put the data stored by US-based online communications products at risk. For a quick recap, under the PRISM program, the National Security Agency could legally access any data held by companies with servers in the U.S. What’s more, in order to access this data, they persuaded many US technology companies to introduce weaknesses in their encryption systems, creating ‘backdoors’ through which the NSA could access their data. However, this weakening of encryption doesn’t just assist the US Government to gain access. It also provides an opening to hackers that are able to navigate the weakened security system a risk that even a ‘Golden Key’ can’t prevent. Unsurprisingly, these revelations sent shockwaves through the online community, including our own team. As a result, at MeisterLabs we decided to take a concerted stance in support of online privacy, restating our efforts to ensure user data is never compromised. Our commitment to security at MeisterLabs As we share in our privacy statements for both MindMeister and MeisterTask: “We take the same degree of care to protect your information as we would employ to protect similar information belonging to us.” As declared in the GDPR guidelines, this means protecting privacy and data by design and default. Storing data exclusively on European servers Our commitment to privacy and security starts with housing our servers exclusively in a state of the art certified data center in Frankfurt, Germany. This ensures that our user data will not be exposed to encryption backdoors, in the way that US-based products could be. You can find out more details about these GCP servers via our security statements for both products: MindMeister and MeisterTask. As we shared back in 2013, in response to the Snowden revelations, with all data stored in Europe and delivered to your browser through secure SSL encryption, for MindMeister and MeisterTask, you can rest assured that your personal data is safe with us. Plus, with most other leading task and project management solutions housing their servers in the U.S., we’re proud to be unique in this way! Encouraging our users to be privacy-aware We’ve also implemented a number of measures to ensure users are vigilant about their own online data, including: Encouraging users to enable two-factor authentication, which is a sure fire way to minimize the risk of a data breach if you feel your password has been compromised The ability to turn on and off link sharing within MindMeister, via generating a new link, in case your shared maps end up in unintended hands The ability to share and unshare projects within MeisterTask, for similar reasons to above Roles Permissions within MeisterTask to restrict the rights of those you’ve shared your projects with, so they can be limited to only viewing or commenting on the project In-built ‘have I been pwned?’ plug-in coming soon, alerting users to whether the password or email they’re using for their account has been previously compromised. You can go ahead and check the security of your own emails and passwords, totally free of charge, via the ‘have I been pwned?’ website We’re also in the process of making our company entirely GDPR compliant, making updates that will be in place ahead of the deadline this May. This will prove that privacy and data protection are implemented by design and default across both of our products. In the GDPR regulation, data protection is at the heart of how personal data is collected, processed, stored and accessed. For more information on what GDPR has in store, you can read the regulation in full online. With our servers based entirely in Germany and processes to ensure that users are aware, themselves, of any potential privacy and security risks, wed like to make clear that for MeisterLabs, user privacy and security are paramount. If you have any questions on how we manage user data across MindMeister and MeisterTask, please do get in touch. Get Productivewith secure task management Discover MeisterTask Its free! Discover MeisterTask We Care About Your Data - Here’s Why You Should Too - Focus Did the Facebook / Cambridge Analytica reports have you wondering just how secure the online tools you use are? In this article, we’ll advise on how to assess your current tools and share our approach at MeisterLabs to protecting user data, no matter what. Are the tools you’re using putting your data at risk? Reports that Cambridge Analytica illegally acquired the records of 50 million Facebook users have made many rightly question who they can trust with their personal data. However, it’s not only on Facebook that we share personal data about ourselves, our work, and even our friends and family, on a daily basis. Think about the contents of your emails, your to-do list and all the other forms of online communications that you use. It’s essential that all of these products, from social media to task management tools, are looking out for your privacy and security too. As we’ll explain, looking for products with servers outside of the U.S. is a good place to start, but there are other strategies to protect your security online too. Well share a few here. Protecting your data on Facebook In the case of Cambridge Analytica, the majority of user data was reportedly harvested prior to 2016. At this time, Facebook apps could ask for permission to not only access your personal data but also the data of all your Facebook friends. As a result, the 300,000 people that signed up to take a personality quiz supposedly handed over the data of 150 times that number of people. If you’re concerned that you could’ve been affected by this, you can access the app settings page on Facebook to see which apps are connected to your account and deauthorize any you no longer need. Additionally, if you’d like to keep your Facebook account but want to minimize the amount of data shared on it, you can use the Social Book Post Manager plug-in to delete data shared before a chosen date let’s be honest, no one’s reading your Facebook statuses from 5 years ago anyway Choosing a product based outside of the US Unfortunately, these data breaches are by no means limited to Facebook. The 2013 Snowden revelations documented how the NSA’s work to weaken encryption, via so-called ‘backdoors’, put the data stored by US-based online communications products at risk. For a quick recap, under the PRISM program, the National Security Agency could legally access any data held by companies with servers in the U.S. What’s more, in order to access this data, they persuaded many US technology companies to introduce weaknesses in their encryption systems, creating ‘backdoors’ through which the NSA could access their data. However, this weakening of encryption doesn’t just assist the US Government to gain access. It also provides an opening to hackers that are able to navigate the weakened security system a risk that even a ‘Golden Key’ can’t prevent. Unsurprisingly, these revelations sent shockwaves through the online community, including our own team. As a result, at MeisterLabs we decided to take a concerted stance in support of online privacy, restating our efforts to ensure user data is never compromised. Our commitment to security at MeisterLabs As we share in our privacy statements for both MindMeister and MeisterTask: “We take the same degree of care to protect your information as we would employ to protect similar information belonging to us.” As declared in the GDPR guidelines, this means protecting privacy and data by design and default. Storing data exclusively on European servers Our commitment to privacy and security starts with housing our servers exclusively in a state of the art certified data center in Frankfurt, Germany. This ensures that our user data will not be exposed to encryption backdoors, in the way that US-based products could be. You can find out more details about these GCP servers via our security statements for both products: MindMeister and MeisterTask. As we shared back in 2013, in response to the Snowden revelations, with all data stored in Europe and delivered to your browser through secure SSL encryption, for MindMeister and MeisterTask, you can rest assured that your personal data is safe with us. Plus, with most other leading task and project management solutions housing their servers in the U.S., we’re proud to be unique in this way! Encouraging our users to be privacy-aware We’ve also implemented a number of measures to ensure users are vigilant about their own online data, including: Encouraging users to enable two-factor authentication, which is a sure fire way to minimize the risk of a data breach if you feel your password has been compromised The ability to turn on and off link sharing within MindMeister, via generating a new link, in case your shared maps end up in unintended hands The ability to share and unshare projects within MeisterTask, for similar reasons to above Roles Permissions within MeisterTask to restrict the rights of those you’ve shared your projects with, so they can be limited to only viewing or commenting on the project In-built ‘have I been pwned?’ plug-in coming soon, alerting users to whether the password or email they’re using for their account has been previously compromised. You can go ahead and check the security of your own emails and passwords, totally free of charge, via the ‘have I been pwned?’ website We’re also in the process of making our company entirely GDPR compliant, making updates that will be in place ahead of the deadline this May. This will prove that privacy and data protection are implemented by design and default across both of our products. In the GDPR regulation, data protection is at the heart of how personal data is collected, processed, stored and accessed. For more information on what GDPR has in store, you can read the regulation in full online. With our servers based entirely in Germany and processes to ensure that users are aware, themselves, of any potential privacy and security risks, wed like to make clear that for MeisterLabs, user privacy and security are paramount. If you have any questions on how we manage user data across MindMeister and MeisterTask, please do get in touch. Get Productivewith secure task management Discover MeisterTask Its free! Discover MeisterTask

The Reality Of Television Shows - 1276 Words

This Is What The Reality Of TV Is. The popularity of reality TV shows lately do not amaze me, in the society today, people admire excessive pride than high moral standards. A lot of shows which need to be cancelled portray and teach a lot of bad behaviors. Although these reality TV shows may make us laugh or even amaze us with its characters, who are bad influences to the society especially children. These shows gives us a picture of how people are drastically driven by the love of money, fame and riches instead of the power of love of people for each other. The indecent and improper behavior being displayed by these characters are not to be emulated because it has a negative effect on the society, especially on children because the promote the use of drugs, alcohol and foul languages. Reality shows such as Jersey Shore and Real World on MTV promote nothing but alcoholism. People get hired just to have fun, involving alcohol. People get the wrong impression of how to act and behave, making them think that the only way to have fun is by drinking alcohol and getting drunk. Most people in the society today believe that alcohols consumed on shows make it seem cool or fun to drink and get drunk. A reality show producer, Kurt Reams, once said that the rate and amount at which Tv stars consume alcohol is ridiculous that most viewers could get influenced which is a wrong idea.Show MoreRelatedThe Reality Of Television Shows962 Words   |  4 Pageswe see on television and magazines eventually becomes our standard of reality and desire. George Gerbner made that statement. He was a professor of communication, the founder of cultivation theory and a media critic. I agree with him, what the media shows us is what becomes norm in our lives, because the media can shape how we view certain things and how we feel about ourselves, changing our reality at a whim or over time. Television shows are very influential, especially reality TV shows, more specificallyRead MoreTelevision And Reality Television Shows Essay1776 Words   |  8 Pagesviewers’ lives. People do not just watch a television show, they tend to normalize the characters and their roles into their day to day lives. When analyzing the media and focusing on drama and reality television shows, the impact that these shows have on some of their women viewers are noticeable. Television drama shows are fictions that the average person can relate to. They are made with real life problems that people can sympathize with. Television dramas have become the newest therapy to peopleRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Television Shows Essay2087 Words   |  9 PagesReality TV shows are a type of program that film real/ordinary people, with a notion of entertainment than information. These programs attempt to show how an ordinary person behaves or react in their daily life or in certain situation. Show s that promise more drama, suspense, romance, laughter, etc. that one could relate to real experiences, is what audience enjoy. Reality TV shows are a genre in which real people are shadowed closely by cameras. Television shows have the power to shape one perspectiveRead MoreThe Reality Of Television Shows1370 Words   |  6 Pagesthousands of people tune in to watch their favorite television shows. A 2015 study found that the majority of the viewers are women and some of the most popular television shows are based on crime drama (Parrott 70). It does not matter if the shows are complete fiction or narratives and reenactments of a real crime that has taken place the gore, violence, and pure disgust keeps these viewers coming back week after week. These crime based television shows portray women in traditional gender roles, normallyRead MoreThe Reality Of Television Shows1374 Words   |  6 Pagesfavorite television shows. These people sit down with snacks in hand, waiting for new drama to unfold. A 2015 study found that the majority of the viewers are women and some of the most popular television shows are based on crime drama (Parrott 70). It does not matter if the shows are complete fiction or narratives and reenactments of a real crime that has taken place. The gore, violence, and pure disgust keeps these viewers coming back week after week. These crime-based television shows portray womenRead MoreThe Reality Of The Television Show Friends1385 Words   |  6 Pages Friends is a popular American television show that aired on NBC. The show first aired on September 22nd 1995 and the last episode aired on May 6th 2004. The show lasted ten years, which covered two decades, and covered a lot of what is considered to be America’s culture today. The producers of the show wanted to represent what people’s lives of that age and time were like on a daily basis; the purposelessness, the non-stop coffee drinking, the quest for spouses, and the feeling that they were â€Å"stuckRead MoreEssay on Reality Television Shows1317 Words   |  6 Pagesrecently related to those figures, involved in Reality TV. There is no exact definition of Reality Television and people also have different opinions of what it is. But it tends be a combination of genres such as: documentary, drama and many other genre’s depending on the type show. It can also be described as ‘ a hybrid of non-fiction and entertainment elements’. Charlie Parsons, creator of the television show, Survivor defines reality TV as ‘Shows containing producer created environments thatRead MoreThe Effect of Reality Television Shows2018 Words   |  9 PagesTelevision has become a significant part of our daily lives.Despite vast internet network developments, many people in the world still spend significant timewatching television. According to the article â€Å"Television viewing at all-time high† from the Los Angeles Times, â€Å"†¦the average American now watches more than 151 hours of TV a month. That is about five hours a day†. (www.latimes.com). People still get important information from their TVs and are also entertained from this same source. TelevisionshowsnowadaysRead MoreThe Concept Of Reality Television In The Truman Show And The Truman Show742 Words   |  3 PagesThe concept of reality TV was amplified with the film The Truman Show in 1998. On television, it is largely debated which show was the first â€Å"reality TV show† since some may class them anywhere from ga me shows to documentaries, such as â€Å"Survivor† or â€Å"COPS†. Reality TV centers around characters who engage in current day life and situations, often true situations which are unscripted and spontaneous, captivating audiences by putting them in the shoes of cast members to see if they judge situationsRead MoreThe Reality Of Television Shows Influences The Politics And The Culture Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesReality television shows are the usual genre of programs in the 21st century. These programs show the reality of what happens in real life. They are not like movies or series that are being acted or are done based on actual stories. The characters shown in these shows are the real people who act. Keeping up with Kardashians, Love and hip-hop, and the Police women of Cincinnati are some of the recent reality TV shows that are aired on American TV channels. Keeping up with the Kardashians is about

A Beautiful Mind Review - Psychological Issues - 1523 Words

Movie: A Beautiful Mind Psychological Issue: Schizophrenia 1) Using material from the text (or internet resources), describe your understanding of the disorder portrayed in the film. [This asks you to describe what someone with this disorder might really look like.] In the movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† directed by Ron Howard; the disorder that is portrayed by the character John Nash is schizophrenia. This brain disorder alters the normal mechanisms occurring in the brain. The best explanation for this disorder can be pin pointed to the faulty interpretations and misfiring of dopamine neurons and their receptors in the brain. Although there are also other likely causes and effects such as low activity in the frontal lobotomy and†¦show more content†¦2) How is this person’s disorder portrayed in the film? How accurate is the portrayal? Are there specific parts that were just â€Å"too Hollywood† for your tastes? Did the filmmakers do an especially good job on anything in particular? In the movie â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† by Ron Howard, the character John Nash, portrayed by Russell Crowe, is the person having troubles with schizophrenia. He is in fact suffering from severe schizophrenia, causing him to see all these imaginary friends, believing that he is on a special mission for the U.S defense, and also causing him to be a very socially awkward person. Personally, I didn’t think that there were any exaggerations of the disorder portrayed in the movie. However this may be due to the fact that I have had some background information regarding the disorder. Hence, the portrayal of schizophrenia in the movie gave me very good idea on how schizophrenia is and more importantly confirmed the way I imagined it to be; full of hallucinations which are actually absent in the real world, both seeing and hearing, heavy of delusional beliefs which led Nash to some ideas which are outrageous, and constant social difficulties, even with family members. All was portrayed cleverly and clearly without problem. If there was one thing I thought that was â€Å"too Hollywood† was maybe that the symptoms were a bit too exaggerated for those who have never heard norShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of A Beautiful Mind 1197 Words   |  5 PagesI chose the film â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† produced in 2001. The main character is John Forbes Nash, Jr. portrayed by Russell Crowe. The heart, not the mind is where the true meaning of life is found. A mathematical genius who is fixated on finding an original idea to ensure his legacy embarks on a mission with the belief that mathematics will lead him to a higher truth. â€Å"I cannot waste time with these classes and these books, memorizing the weak assumptions of lesser mortals. I need to look through toRead MoreBrothers Grimm and Beautiful Mind1109 Words   |  5 Pages * A Beautiful Mind Film Analysis A Beautiful Mind Film Analysis This movie is based on the true story of the brilliant mathematician John Forbes Nash Jr. He made remarkable advancements in the field of mathematics at a young age and had a very promising future. Unfortunately, John Nash had problems deciphering the difference betwe Premium 855 Words 4 Pages * Film Analysis: a Beautiful Mind WEEK 3 A Beautiful Mind Film Analysis xxxxxxRead MoreCause And Effects Of Cosmetic Surgery1570 Words   |  7 Pagescorrelation between self-esteem and the elements that lead to cosmetic surgery. The subject has been chosen to assist medical doctors in gathering more knowledge on the matter and to help bring awareness to whether or not patients need additional psychological care prior to body enhancements. The data throughout this paper was gathered by way of surveying and interviewing patients both before and after having cosmetic surgery. Through these studies, it was found that for many people the desire to improveRead MoreA Controversial Issue Of Pi1093 Words   |  5 PagesA controversial issue for this book would definitely be the religion. Pi’s mother and father found it totally absurd to have more than one religion, and contradicting ones at that. As did the pandit, the priest, and the imam. In the book, there is a three-page long argument between the pr iest, the imam, the pandit, and Pi’s parents all claiming the other is mistaken and that Pi is a Muslim or a Hindu or a Christian. Pi blurts out, â€Å"Bapu Gandhi said, ‘All religions are true.’ I just want to love GodRead MorePsychoanalytic Ideas And Shakespeare By Inge Wise And Maggie Mills1420 Words   |  6 PagesLondon , 2006 ; research and descriptions by numerous authors who wrote on the writing works of Shakespeare, Freud’s work on the psychological works on Shakespeare in general are used throughout the book . The authors focus on psychopathic fiction characters in six plays Hamlet, Macbeth, twilight nights, King Lear, and the Tempest. The book when you read the reviews and the induction of the book is very misleading, the book should be called interpretations of other authors who have a written onRead MoreEssay on Film Analysis: Beautiful Mind1418 Words   |  6 Pagessources portrays people with schizophrenia as violent and with homicidal and suicide thoughts. In addition, most characters in these media sources are portrayed as Caucasians, males, and with supernatural abilities (Gaebel, 2011). In the movie A Beautiful Mind, schizophrenia is portrayed as a very severe and debilitating mental condition that makes it difficult for the affected individual to think logically or behave normally. The movie portrays schizophrenia as a split personality or multiple personalityRead MoreWorship Wars On Sunday Morning : Traditional Vs. Contemporary1726 Words   |  7 PagesREQUIREMENTS FOR CM 301B SENIOR SEMINAR II BY MICHELLE FRAYER WILBERFORCE, OHIO JANUARY 27, 2015 Thesis Statement: Orderly worship services unite us in the Body of Christ. PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE One of the most controversial issues in African Methodist Episcopalian congregations today are styles of worship. Those who grew up singing traditional hymns, mostly older members of the congregation are often uncomfortable with the lyrics and contemporary rhythms often preferred byRead MoreSchool of Thoughts in Psychology1604 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Schools of Thought in  Psychology When psychology was first established as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major schools of thought that have influenced our knowledgeRead MoreThe Myers Briggs Personality Test1278 Words   |  6 Pagespersonality test is designed to categorize human personality and behavior. Based on Carl Jung’s theory, Katherine C. Briggs and her daughter, Isabel Briggs-Myers developed this process which includes 16 personality types to help people understand their psychological personality type (The Myers Briggs Foundation, 2016). Each personality type is represented by four letters, and the letters are indicators of which category of preference an individual fall into. Step I: The Result After taking the personalityRead MoreThe Effects Of Children Beauty Contest On Its Contestants1625 Words   |  7 Pageschildren beauty contest on its contestants. Although many people argue that there are some benefits of this contest such as build up the confidence, self-esteem, public speaking skills, tact, and poised it is also true that it can result to negative psychological effects and interferes in child development worldwide. The Toddlers and Tiaras, and Little Miss Perfect are popular reality TV shows that features young girls the real hardship and obstacles from their mother’s pressure or preparation for the pageant

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 6 Free Essays

The moon overhead was a bright white waxing crescent, and the sky was clear. Cassie and Adam were standing by the maypole hand in hand, and she felt radiant in the yellow camisole dress her friends picked out for her. She’d found it in the dining room early that morning. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 6 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Suzan had dropped it off with a note written in her loopy script: This dress screamed your name! Suzan had also bought ties for all the guys, and they looked good, but the girls outshone them in their dresses. Melanie was in green chiffon and Laurel in carnation-pink voile. Suzan, always voluptuous, had chosen a copper-colored tank dress for herself that was pushing the boundary of indecent exposure. Diana wore an understated ivory silk tunic. Deborah, who rarely wore dresses, was decked out in her own way. She had on tight white jeans, a white T-shirt, and a purple leather jacket. â€Å"Have you seen Faye?† she asked Cassie and Adam. Adam shrugged his shoulders, but Sean responded, â€Å"She’s out on the lookout for Max.† Deborah scoffed. â€Å"She hasn’t given up on him yet? He’s been evading her all week.† Sean shook his head. â€Å"Not a chance,† he said. â€Å"Faye never backs down that easily.† â€Å"What about Nick?† Cassie asked. â€Å"Have you seen him?† Deborah’s face hardened at the question. When it came to Cassie, she was extremely protective of her cousin. â€Å"I don’t think he’s coming.† â€Å"Why not?† Cassie asked. â€Å"Because he’s not.† Deborah tried to stare Cassie down, but Cassie brushed it off. Deborah thought she was doing the right thing, guarding Nick from getting hurt any more than he already had, but she didn’t understand that Cassie’s intentions were good. After clearing the air with Diana, she’d felt so much better. She hoped to do the same with Nick tonight. Diana frowned at Deborah in a way that revealed she sympathized with Cassie’s predicament. â€Å"Nick may show,† she said. â€Å"If he’s anything, he’s unpredictable.† There was a moment of silence as Cassie let her eyes wander up the maypole. She admired the multicolored garlands and ribbons streaming down from its apex. Then Diana said, â€Å"Hey, Cassie, isn’t that Scarlett?† Scarlett had spotted them and was making her way through the crowd in their direction. She was wearing a cornflower-blue baby-doll dress, and her long red hair was stuffed beneath a brown felt bowler hat. She waved when her eyes locked with Cassie’s, and then she picked up her pace to a trot. â€Å"Who is that?† Adam asked. Cassie noticed a shard of fascinated curiosity in Adam’s voice. â€Å"Ooh, I love that hat,† Suzan said. Deborah nodded. She always appreciated a girl stylish enough to successfully pull off wearing an article of men’s clothing. â€Å"Those boots are killer, too,† she said. Scarlett was all smiles and confidence as Cassie introduced her to the rest of the group. Her dark eyes passed over each of them individually, and she greeted everyone with the affection of an old friend. It wasn’t just Scarlett’s fashion sense that was captivating, Cassie noted. It was her nature; she was immediately comfortable with everyone she met. And she was pretty. Sean’s tongue was practically hanging out of his mouth when he shook her hand. Scarlett extracted herself from Sean’s grasp with a chuckle and turned to Diana. â€Å"Good to see you again,† she said. â€Å"Yes,† Diana answered, in a way that made Cassie cringe. But Scarlett flashed a white smile that showed she refused to take Diana’s indifference to heart. â€Å"The egg toss is starting,† Sean said excitedly, trying to regain Scarlett’s attention. â€Å"We should go cheer on Chris and Doug. The grand prize is a five-hundred-dollar gift certificate to Pete’s Candy Store, and they’re determined to win it.† Scarlett scanned the many booths and food trucks. â€Å"Actually,† she said, â€Å"I’m famished. And I’m dying for one of those chorizo skewers.† â€Å"I’ll come with you,† Cassie said. She was anxious to learn more about Scarlett and, come to think of it, she was pretty hungry herself. The group split up then, everyone heading over to the egg-toss lawn, except for Adam and Diana, who were on their way to visit Melanie and Constance at their jewelry booth. Cassie and Scarlett each bought a skewer and struggled to not talk with their mouths full as they walked the festival’s perimeter. â€Å"So you’re staying at the B and B?† Cassie asked as innocently as possible. Scarlett nodded, chewed, and swallowed. â€Å"Where are your parents?† â€Å"My mom passed away,† Scarlett said abruptly, like she wanted to get that information out of the way as fast as possible. â€Å"Oh, I’m sorry.† â€Å"She grew up here,† Scarlett continued. â€Å"That’s why I wanted to come to New Salem, to kind of reconnect with her, and my past.† She looked away then, perhaps afraid she was oversharing. Cassie searched her mind for the right thing to say. â€Å"I think that’s great. I mean, I think that’s a really brave thing to do. Even if it’s painful.† Scarlett nodded. â€Å"I guess I’m just looking for a new start.† â€Å"I know what you mean,† Cassie said. â€Å"So tell me something about you.† Cassie’s mind raced. She wanted to change the subject to something less heavy, but it occurred to her that every good and exciting thing she wanted to tell also involved the Circle, so she was left speechless. For the first time since she moved to New Salem, she understood why being friends with an Outsider could be such a challenge. â€Å"Well,† Cassie said, â€Å"that’s my mother over there selling raffle tickets.† But when she pointed her mother out, she also caught sight of Adam and Diana off in the corner, sharing a vanil a ice-cream cone. They were laughing because Adam had gotten ice cream on his nose and chin, and the more he tried to wipe it away, the more ice cream he smeared around. Cassie felt her stomach drop. But why? It was only an ice-cream cone. A shared snack between friends was nothing to get upset over. She would just join them. She led Scarlett their way and then noticed Faye approaching from the opposite direction. Faye was wearing a sheer black dress that fit her like a corset. A few paces behind her was Max, who, even in his casual polo shirt, still looked like he’d just stepped out of an Abercrombie catalog. Adam and Diana stopped laughing and regained control of their ice-cream situation once they noticed Cassie and the others heading their way. Faye introduced Max and then sized up Scarlett. â€Å"Who are you?† she asked. â€Å"This is Scarlett,† Cassie said. â€Å"She’s new to town, just like you, Max.† Max gave a nod to Scarlett, but his focus was clearly on Diana. â€Å"I saw you at the assembly on Friday,† he said. â€Å"You were the only one paying attention to my dad’s boring speech.† Diana appeared flustered. â€Å"You saw me?† she said, and then added, â€Å"It wasn’t boring.† â€Å"No? Are you sure?† Max stared at her roguishly until she cracked. â€Å"Okay, maybe just a little.† â€Å"Thank you for your honesty.† Max reached for Diana’s hand and squeezed it between his thick fingers. â€Å"Now we can be friends.† Diana blushed, and Cassie noticed Adam shift uncomfortably. â€Å"My dad’s here somewhere,† Max said, still addressing only Diana. â€Å"If you find him, you should let him know what a great orator you think he is.† Faye was clenching her jaw so tightly, Cassie feared her head might explode. â€Å"I’ll do that,† Diana said. â€Å"But if you’ll excuse me for right now, we were about to go cheer for our friends.† She gestured toward the egg-toss competition. Max looked a little disappointed. â€Å"Yeah, I should go find my dad,† he said. Faye made a move to follow him, but he stopped her. â€Å"I’ll see you later,† he said, and then disappeared into the crowd. Adam, who’d been deathly silent till now, had a look of disgust on his face. â€Å"Well, that was weird.† â€Å"Adam,† Diana scolded. â€Å"He was just trying to fit in. That’s what people do when they’re new. They’ll do anything to impress you.† Scarlett looked down, assuming that was a knock at her. Cassie opened her mouth to say something, but before any words came out, Faye stormed off. â€Å"Max wasn’t working so hard to impress her,† Adam said. â€Å"Faye’s been sexually harassing him since the moment he got here,† Diana said, raising her voice. â€Å"He doesn’t have to try for her.† Cassie wished Scarlett wasn’t witnessing this strange moment of tension. It was actually embarrassing, how petty her friends must have appeared. â€Å"Let’s go,† she said to Scarlett. â€Å"They’ll catch up.† Together they crossed the square. â€Å"Diana and Adam aren’t usually like that,† Cassie said. â€Å"You just happened to catch them in a weird moment.† â€Å"I get it.† Scarlett smiled. â€Å"Couples get jealous; they fight.† Suddenly Cassie felt sick again. â€Å"Adam’s my boyfriend,† she said quietly. â€Å"Not Diana’s.† â€Å"Oh.† Scarlett bit her lip. â€Å"That was stupid of me, I didn’t realize – â€Å" â€Å"No, it’s fine. I can see why you’d think that. It’s kind of complicated.† When they found the rest of the group clustered at one end of the cheering section, Cassie was relieved for the chance to change the subject. The competition was down to Chris and Doug, and a brother-sister team who couldn’t be a day over eleven years old. â€Å"They really like candy,† Cassie said to Scarlett, as if that were a reasonable explanation. â€Å"I can respect that,† Scarlett said. â€Å"I really like candy, too. I once ate so many Skittles, I sneezed rainbows for three days.† It was a dumb joke, but Cassie recognized it for what it was. Scarlett was trying to lighten things up, to comfort her, and she appreciated that. Outsider or not, she liked this girl. Just then, a scream for help came from the north side of the square, and everyone’s attention shifted. All eyes searched for the source of the bloodcurdling sound, but the group recognized it immediately as Melanie’s voice. They dashed toward the jewelry booth. Even Chris and Doug let their eggs fall to run and help. When Cassie reached the booth, she pushed through the crowd to find Melanie’s great-aunt Constance sprawled out on the ground. Melanie was crying out for someone to call an ambulance. A few townspeople with medical training kneeled over Constance, taking her vital signs, ordering everyone to stay back and give her some air. One of them had a hold on Melanie, who was thrashing and swinging at him before Diana and Laurel caught her by the arms and pulled her off to the side. A woman who’d been about to purchase a necklace from Constance said, â€Å"She was fine one second, and then she got this panicked look on her face and just collapsed.† Adam eyed the crowd for anyone suspicious. Cassie searched the mass of strangers’ faces for her mother but couldn’t find her. Maybe she’d gone for help. Or maybe the sight of Constance dropping to the ground was too much for her. In moments of crisis her mother tended to break down rather than rise up. It wouldn’t have surprised Cassie if she’d gone running home. The paramedics arrived, and Cassie had to look away while they performed CPR on Constance’s unresponsive body. The group embraced Melanie while Adam hugged Cassie close. She buried her head in his shoulder. It was impossible to know how much time passed while the paramedics worked on Constance. Cassie kept thinking it had to be a joke. Ha ha, got you, Cassie imagined Constance saying from her spot on the ground. Constance was always trying to remind them of the fragility of life and the delicate balance of all things. Maybe this was just one more lesson. But then the paramedics stopped their pushing and pulling and pumping and gasping. There were no more mouthfuls of air to be given or received, and there was no more hope. The paramedic in charge stood up and brought their efforts to the ultimate conclusion. He declared Aunt Constance dead. Expired was the word he used, which struck Cassie as unbelievably harsh. â€Å"Probably a brain aneurysm,† he told his deputy, and then he expressed his condolences to Melanie. â€Å"We did everything we could, miss,† he said. Cassie had never seen Melanie lose it the way she did at that moment. She’d always kept herself together in the face of any hardship – especially in public. But this was just too much. She fell to her knees and wailed. So much for new beginnings, Cassie thought. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 6, Essay examples

The Environmental Impact of Tourism free essay sample

Tourism and the Environment The term ‘environment’ is a generic concept. It encompasses different contexts including the cultural, social, political and economic. The most often assumed meaning of environment is that of nature. However, we must also remember that how we use nature carries with political, economic and social implications. We know that the impacts of human activities upon nature have implications for its biodiversity and the welfare of individual species. These changes in the environment affect the quality of our lives. For example, ozone depletion, global warming and pollution bring with them a range of health and lifestyle implications such as increased occurrences of respiratory complaints (due to pollution), flooding and perhaps also the recent earthquakes and tsunami (in Japan and New Zealand). The concerns today also extend to the welfare of non-human fauna and flora. For example, the concerns over animal experimentation and the loss of biodiversity reflect how environmental ethics have become a popular feature of global society from the beginning of the 21st century. 2. The Tourism and Environment Debate in History The OECD OECD = Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development A collection of 30 member states that use the organisation as a discussion forum to further their aims for a free market system. In the late 1970’s the OECD set out a framework for the study of ‘environmental stress created by tourism activities’. The framework highlighted 4 main categories: 1. Permanent environmental restructuring (major constructions such as highways, airports, resorts) 2. Waste product generation (biological and non-biological waste which can damage fish production, create health hazards and detract from the attractiveness of a tourist destination). . Direct environmental stress caused by tourist activities (destruction of coral reefs, vegetation etc. by the presence and activities of tourists) 4. Effects on the population dynamics (migration, increased urban densities accompanied by declining populations in rural areas etc. ) Agenda 21 In 1992, to add further impetus to a debate th at was growing stale, a new maxim emerged at the UN Conference on ‘The Environment and Development’ held in Rio de Janeiro. The maxim asserts that â€Å"Only whatever can be sustained by nature and society in the long term is permissible†. This new impetus was given the title Agenda 21 to reflect the fact that it was a policy statement that was taking the world into the 21st century. So why is it so significant? It is significant because this was the first time in history that a comprehensive program of environmental actions was agreed to be adopted by 182 governments. The issues addressed in Agenda 21 were also not solely environmental as it also included other aspects such as human development and the redressing of imbalance between rich and poor nations. In a nutshell, Agenda 21 aimed to provide an overall strategy to transform global activity onto a more sustainable course. Now, however, in the 21st century, in spite of the program’s elegance and simplicity, the adoption of this maxim requires enforcement that is still far beyond the reach of most legislative frameworks. Additionally, none of the recommendations made in Agenda 21 were legally binding to the 182 nations that approved its adoption. It is said that the literature on the environmental impacts of tourism is often biased, painting highly negative images of tourism with respect to its environmental impacts. Today, we’re going to discuss the environmental impacts of tourism, which can be both positive and negative. One could argue that it is not possible to develop tourism without incurring environmental impacts, but it is possible with correct planning to manage tourism development in order to minimise the negative impacts while encouraging the positive impacts. Positive environmental impacts 1. The preservation/ restoration of ancient monuments, sites and historic buildings, such as Great Wall of China (PRC), the Pyramids (Egypt), Taj Mahal (India), Lembah Bujang (Kedah, Malaysia) 2. The creation of national parks and wildlife parks (such as the Yellowstone Park (USA), Maasai Mara National Reserve (Kenya), Pittier National Park (Venezuela), Fiordland National Park (New Zealand) etc. 3. Protection of reefs and beaches – The Great Barrier reef, Grand Anse (Grenada) 4. The maintenance of forests such as the New Forest (UK)and Colo I Suva (Fiji) 5. Conservation of resources (Mountain Gorilla Project in Rwanda) Negative environmental impacts 1. Hunting fishing – impact on wildlife 2. Sand dunes damaged and eroded by over-use 3. Vegetation destroyed by walkers 4. Camp fires destroy forests 5. Ancient monuments disfigured and damaged by graffiti, eroded or taken away by tourists (Byzantine Fort in Paphos, Cyrus – world heritage site subject to pilfering) 6. Construction of tourism superstructure utilises real estate and may detract from the aesthetics (Delphi, Greece) 7. Improper disposal of litter can detract from the aesthetic quality of the environment and harm wildlife (Pulau Tuba, Malaysia) 8. Erosion of paths to the Pyramids at Giza, Egypt by camels used to transport tourists 9. Dynamiting of Balaclava Bay (Mauritius) to provide a beach for tourist use. 10. Littering pollution (by tourists in Base Camp on Mount Everest, Nepal and in the Caribbean region – 82,000 tons of rubbish by the 63,000 port calls from ships annually. 11. Damage to coral reefs by divers, cruise ship anchors, or through the construction of coastal developments – This will reduce the diversity and population of fish and other creatures which feed off the coral.

11 Places to Find Great College Essay Examples

Places to Find Great College Essay Examples SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Sure, you might know the theory behind what a college essay is supposed to sound and look like. But just like reading a description of the Golden Gate Bridge pales in comparison to seeing it in person, there’s no replacement for seeing actual college essays written by students just like you. Well, almost like you – they’ve since gotten into college. But where do you find good sources for reading sample college essays? How can you make sure that these resources will actually strengthen and improve your writing? And what is the best way to use the college essay examples that you do find? In this article, I’ll go over the best books and websites for finding essays, I’ll point out a few to avoid, and I’ll explain how to make the most out of other people’s essays while avoiding common pitfalls. Why Look At College Essay Examples? There are some very good reasons for wanting to check out how other people have handled the college admissions essay. First, because you'll be able to get a better sense of what colleges are looking for, you will necessarily broaden your own topic brainstorming past your first, easiest, and most clichà ©d ideas. It's one thing to hear that a completely mundane topic is way better than one focusing on your greatest sports moment. But once you see other students writing about a family meal, or an obsession with a particular board game, or a love of cultivating cacti, you'll be convinced to find your essay in the small moments of your life. Second, you'll see how your life and writing compares to that of your peers. The great diversity of voices, topics, tones, points of view will show you just how many things you could possibly write about, and how to keep the essay connected to your personality and your voice. Finally, if you really do have a good story to tell about something that gets written about a lot, like divorce, pet death, a community service trip, or winning the big game, you can get ideas for how to approach a potentially lackluster essay topicin a novel and striking way. What Makes A Good Sample College Essay Resource? First, the basics. A source is only as good as its content, so make sure you're readingcollege essays that worked, from people who actually got into the schools they applied to. Also, it's best to focus on new essays (not older than 10-15 years), so you are reading what has worked in the most recent past, rather than seeing outdated ideas and historical perspectives. Next, what you really want is diversity in voice and perspective. Make sure the essays featured come from many different kinds of students: either from applicants to both top and lower-tier schools; or from students with different ethnic, economic, and racial backgrounds; or from writers using both formal and more experimental essay techniques. Finally, the best sources of admission essays will feature explanatory material. This will give each essaysome kind of context: commentary on what makes theessay good, explanations of the drafting process, or, at least, biographical information about students. Without commentary or context, it’s hard to know what you’re supposed to learn from the essays you read. Looking at a bunch of identical koi isn't the best way to learn about freshwater fish varieties. Where to Find Great College Essay Examples Here are my recommendations for excellent resources, as well as some warnings about resources that I think you should avoid. College Essays Collected in Books I've taken a look at many of the books that collect college essays, so here are my recommendations. I've divided them into threecategories: Excellent– meaninghaving really diverse essays or very helpful commentary on each essay, or both Worthwhile– meaning either a helpful collection of essays without a lot of context or commentary, or some great advice but a narrow selection of essays geared toward one particular type of school Don't Bother– not useful either as a source of college essays or as a source of essay-writing advice and explanations Also, please note that although I’ve listed the Amazon prices for all the books, you should definitely check your school and public library for copies before buying them. And even if your library doesn't have a copy, ask them to request one either from another library in the same system or even from the Library of Congress through interlibrary loan. ExcellentBooks Heavenly Essays: 50 Narrative College Application Essays That Worked Written by Janine W. Robinson, who blogs about college essays at EssayHell, this book features great sample essays. But it's Robinson's precise and clear explanations of how to use a narrative style in your essay to tell a story about your life that make the book really outstanding. Through long and detailed commentary on each essay, Robinson shows why narrative is exactly the kind of structure that works best for personal essays. You can check out sample sections from the book on her blog. The book retails for $10 new on Amazon. On Writing the College Application Essay, 25th Anniversary Edition: The Key to Acceptance at the College of Your Choice Harry Bauld used to be an admissions officer at Brown, so he certainly knows what he is talking about when he writes abouthow and why to avoid clichà ©s andexplains how to find and keep your specific voice. Bauld demonstrates his points with sample essays, showing how they go from first to final draft. The book iseasy to read, uses humor to make points, and hisadvice will carry over into your college writing as well. It is $12.50 new on Amazon, but there are much cheaper used copies available there as well. The Berkeley Book of College Essays: Personal Statements for California Universities and Other Select Schools This compilationfeatures college admissions essays written byseniors from Berkeley High School (which is not affiliated with UC Berkeley). Because the city of Berkeley is economically, racially, and ethnically very diverse, these essays are about manydifferent interests, perspectives,and experiences, and are written in many different styles and tones. Although there is no commentary for the essays, this collection is a great way to get a sense of the broad array of essay possibilities. Also, because many of the students from Berkeley High apply to UC schools, this collection separates out UC application essay packages. (If you are interested in UC, also check outour own guide to writing excellent UC essays!) This book is currently $15 on Amazon. 50 Successful Harvard Application Essays: What Worked for Them Can Help You Get into the College of Your Choice Edited by the staff of the Harvard Crimson, this is a great collection of essays from a not particularly diverse group of students. It is very useful to see how the very top students approach the college essay, as long as their best effort neither intimidates nor stymies you. The contextual material is excellent, with helpful explanations of what makes each essay work well. This book retails for$12 new on Amazon, with much cheaper used copies also available. Worthwhile Books College Essays That Made a Difference, 6th Edition This Princeton Review guide is mostly distinguished by its introductory material, whichhas detailed interviews with many different colleges at many different tiers about what role essays play in college applications, what kind of mistakes are okay, and what to write and not to write about.The sample essays themselves come without commentary, but each features avery short bio of the student, including test scores, GPA,alist of colleges where the person applied, and a list of colleges where the person got in. Right now, it's $.50 new on Amazon, but there are cheaper used copies as well. 50 Successful Ivy League Application Essays This collection of of collegeessays that worked, edited by Gen and Kelly Tanabe, has somewhat spare, but insightful, commentary explaining what each essay does well and what it could have done better. It also includes an interview with an admissions officer explaining how essays are used in admissions decisions andsome comments from students about the writing process. The link above is to a downloadable PDF file. 50 Successful Stanford Application Essays: Get into Stanford and Other Top Colleges If you like the Tanabes' approach (they are the authors of the previous book), then you will find this one useful as well. The narrow diversity of essay content and the style of commentary (thoughtful, but not particularly detailed or expansive) is very similar. It's priced at$13.25 new on Amazon with some used options as well. Fiske Real College Essays That Work The "Fiske" of the title is Edward Fiske, whoused to be the Education editor of the NY Times, and who therefore has some experience with what colleges want from their applicants. The book itself features an introduction with somehelpful essay-writing tips, adiverse selection of essays built around narrative, but unfortunately hasvery little commentary to go with each essay. It retails for $12.50 new on Amazon, with cheaper used options available. 2015 Elite College Application Essays Although there's almost no commentary or discussion of what makes these essays work, this book is a reasonably good collection of essays from students who are now enrolled at Ivy and other top-tier schools. What's particularly appealing about this college essay compilation is how very new these essays are: all are from students who became freshmen in 2015. The book is $14 new on Amazon. Don't Bother 100 Successful College Application Essays I'd recommend not spending your time on any of the editions ofthis collection. The essays are decades old in some cases, the topics areclichà ©d and boring, and there is little to no commentary to make any of them useful. College Essays Published Online I'll split my recommendations here into "worthwhile" and "don't bother" categories. There aren't any truly great collections of sample college essays online. Worthwhile Individual College Websites. There are many essays published online by the various colleges where these students now go. This means these essays are guaranteed to be real, authentic, and to have worked on someone's application.Some of the essays even come with brief commentary by admissions officers about what makes them great. (The link will take you to our list of over 130 essays from more than 15 different colleges.) Teen Ink Magazine. Teen Ink publishes all sorts of writing by teens, including college admission essays, which are split off into their own section on the site. The essays necessary feature a wide range of experiences and perspectives, so this is a great place to get a broad sense of what other students are writing about. The essays don't have any context except comment sections thatrun the gamut from genericâ€Å"this is good† comments to some insight. Readers also get a chance to vote on which essays are featured as #1, #2, etc., which may be misleading because readers of Teen Ink aren't admissions officers. Don't Bother Watch out for paid websites like AdmitSee, CollegeMapper, and Acceptional, which claim to give you access to college essays for a monthly or fixed fee. Because of the paywall, there's no way to verify the quality of the essays these sites have. Also, thereare enough books that you could borrow from your library that you don’t need to pay monthly fees to these places. Finally, I would particularly stay away from AdmidSee, which uses Amazon reviews for other essay resources as a marketing platform. Frogs piggybacking on each other? Super cute. A company piggybacking its advertising onto book reviews? Really not cute at all. The Best Ways To Use College Admission Essay Samples So now that you've rounded up a bunch ofsample college essays, what should you do with them? Here are some tips for your next steps. When Should You Read Essay Examples? I'd advise waiting until after you've done some brainstorming of your own before you start immersing yourself in other people's work and ideas. (If you're not sure how to brainstorm, check out our guide to coming up with great college essay topics.) This way, you can use other people’s essays to think about different possibilities for writing about your own topic. For example, looking at how other people tackled their life experience can show you: how tofocus on a different detail in your own story how to change the insight you want to draw from your story how to think about different ways to start and end your narrative What Can Good College Essays Teach You? There are both broad and specific learning opportunities to be found in reading other people's work. Broadly speaking, seeing how other people are approaching the problem of writing a college essay can jog your own creative process. Likewise,reading a diversity of thoughts and voices will show you that even the most normal and boring seeming experiences be made into riveting essays. More specifically,if you find essays from applicants to your target school, you can get some sense of the level of sophistication they expect to see from your writing. Finally,good context and commentary on the essays can show you how they are put together and what makes them work. You can then put this advice to use when rewriting your essay later. Pitfalls To Avoid Of course, being surrounded by other people's work, especially when some of that work is much better than what you think you can manage, has its share of temptations. So what do you need to guard against when looking at sample essays? Plagiarism. This one is basic and obvious. Do not copy these sample essays! Admissions officers have seen them all, read them all, memorized them all – you will not get away with it. Copying and mimicry. Think of this as a softer kind of plagiarism. Even if you really like someone else’s style, don’t borrow it. Even if someone’s life sounds more exciting than yours, don’t steal a piece of it for your own essay. Why? Because ifyou don’t sound like yourself, it will be visibleto an experiencedreader (and guess what, admissions officers are very experienced readers). Also, if you’re writing about experiences that aren't yours, your unfamiliaritywill show through the lack of believable details. Let this hand-in-the-alligator's-mouth image pop up in your brain every time you think about stealing someone else's work. Resources for Essay Writing Advice In researching this article, I came across books and websites that don't necessarily feature a lot of sample essays, but that give really excellent advice on writing your own college essay. I strongly recommend you spend some time checking them out. Essay Hell blog. This great resource is written by Janine Anderson Robinson, an English teacher and a journalist, whosebook Heavenly Essays I recommended above. The blog posts feature lots and lots of well-explained, detailed, easy to understand advice about how to write your essay, and are broken down into easy to understand, bite-sized nuggets of usefulness. Slate's Getting In podcast. The entire series is an interesting look at the college application process, with useful tips and explanations about all aspects what seniors are going through. Check out Episode 2: The Essay, in which astudent gets feedback in real time on their essay from a former Princeton director of admissions and apanel of experts talk about essay dos and don’ts. The episode is26 minutes long. The College Essay Trap: Rescue Your College Application Essay From the "Maybe" Pile This isincredibly concise and excellent explanation of what not to do and what to avoid when writing your personal statement. It's short, sweet, to the point, and is praised to the skies by legendary Princeton admissions dean Fred Hargadon. Currently $12 new on Amazon. The Bottom Line Look at college essay examples to broaden your own topic brainstorming and get ideas for fixing lackluster topics. Look for resources with diverse and recent essays, from many different kinds of students and with explanatory material that explains what makes each essay good. Look at essay samples after you’ve generated some of your own ideas to think about different possibilities for writing about your own topic. Seeing how other people are approaching the problem of writing a college essay can jog your creative process. Avoid both actual plagiarism and â€Å"borrowing†: don’t use someone else’s style, voice, or life experiences as your own. What’s Next? If you’re starting to work on college essays, check out our article laying out every single kind of essay prompt out there and a step by step guide to writing a great college essay. Are youworking onthe Common App essay? Read ourbreakdown of the Common App promptsand our guide topicking the best prompt for you. Ormaybe you'reinterested in the University of California? Check outour complete guide to the UC personal statements. Working on other pieces of your college applications? We’ve got guides tochoosing the right college for you,writing about extracurriculars, andrequesting teacher recommendations. Thinking about taking the SAT one last time, or prepping for your first run at it? Readour ultimate guide to studying for the SATand make sure you're as prepared as possible. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Who Invented Homework and Why †Top Facts You Should Know

Who Invented Homework and Why – Top Facts You Should Know Homework is today an integral part of the educational process; it makes learning easier and more effective. We have been involved with doing tasks since school years. And very less of us were thinking about who invented homework. What is the name of that smart person to believe in a magic of homework; when was homework invented; when was the invention made? What was the initial purpose of homework? Let’s find answer to who invented homework and why in this post and discuss the practical value of at-home task a teacher puts behind it. I NEED MY HOMEWORK DONE Historical Facts Mentions of the term refer to the era of ancient Rome. In I century AD, Pliny the Younger, the teacher on the oratory who invented homework, asked his followers in Quintilian to participate in at-home activities. The practice was aimed at developing speaking skills of a person in a more informal atmosphere. Results of  homework assignments were just impressive; such teaching approach was used by other tutors moving forward. An Italian pedagog Roberto Nevilis is considered the real â€Å"inventor† of homework. He was the person who invented homework in far 1905 and made it a punishment to his students. Since time when was homework invented, this practice has become popular around the world. The end of the 19th century is notable due to significant changes in the education system. Great developments were associated with some changes in terms how frequently and what kind of homework was given by a tutor. This all affected education quality. Teachers following the approach of a tutor who invented the homework considered the fulfillment of homework as a necessary type of training; it was a compulsory part of training. From that point of view, teaching can hardly move forward without home lessons. Homework was defined as one of forms of independent work. Attaching great importance to the ability of the student to learn independently. In order for an at-home task to perform functions set by a tutor, it should meet the following criteria: it must be feasible; it should not be large and complex; it is not to be set at the beginning of training until students learn how to work independently. Learning at home can contribute to the general studying process. One of important tasks the modern school is facing is to improve quality of teaching. And homework is a great tool; a person who invented homework is a real hero in this regard. You can gain a lot of knowledge with a professional helper. ORDER HOMEWORK When Was Homework Invented? Owing to Roberto Nevilis, an Italian pedagog who invented the homework, we can notice obvious improvement in the education system and its efficiency since 1905. Since time when was homework invented, there is a real improvement in the education sector. Educators who adhere to traditional views on the learning process believe that home learning is an essential condition for efficient educational activities. According to a person who invented homework, it is a way to develop students' initiative, independence, individuality, and creative imagination. Apart from the above points, the need for home teaching is determined by following factors: During the in-school learning, a concentrated assimilation of the studied material takes place. Afterwards, the gained knowledge is forgotten. To prevent this forgetting, homework is needed; Mastery of scientific concepts requires their repeated comprehension and assimilation; The thoroughness and strength of the material assimilation being studied is achieved only when its memorization is dispersed; Home learning is important for the development of students' creative talents and abilities. The success of the teaching depends on the success of homework preparing. This aspect has been considered since time when was homework invented; organization of homework is the most difficult thing in the teaching and educational process. Many aspects of this problem require the closest attention from the tutor. When elaborating an assignment for children, teachers should realize that the process of educational material assimilation passes through obligatory stages: perception comprehension fastening the formulation of the formation of skills application of new knowledge and skills in practice If you wonder who invented homework and why, read further to know even more. What Are the Main Purposes of Homework? The role of homework has always been discussed not just by those who invented school and homework. Many people today believe that homework is not obligatory for mastering the studied material. But recent scientific research proves the opposite. According to the study, homework plays an important role in improving quality of students' knowledge. This is true about elementary school. Who invented homework and why? According to Roberto Nevilis, who invented school and homework, this academic task provides the student with the opportunity: to work without haste; to study with no outside estimation; to choose the optimal rhythm (hours) of work; to independently plan the course of work; to involve all necessary sources of information. Based on above points, the value of the academic assignment is in: fixing in memory the material disassembled in the classroom; repetition of previously passed material; consolidation and expansion of various skills necessary for independent work. The main purpose of the homework:   education of strong-willed efforts of the child, responsibility and independence; mastering the skills of educational work, expressed in various ways of teaching; formation of the ability to extract necessary information from various directories, manuals, dictionaries; the formation of student's research skills (comparison, comparison, assumption, hypothesis construction, etc.). A suitable system of homework assignments in each class and the totality of all classes is a prerequisite for the students to successfully master the program material. It necessitates to apply different types of homework. The main goal of the tutor is the rationale for the type of homework depending on material being studied. The tutor should be able to correctly combine different variants of homework in each class and in all classes. A good option would be to get students out of the box with outdoor learning. ORDER NOW - RECEIVE YOUR A-GRADE PAPER Types of Homework Since the time when was homework invented, there were not many types of individual tasks. Since the person who invented school and homework didn’t have a chance to do enough â€Å"testing† in this regards, it was difficult to him to create a formula of effective at-home studying. Nowadays, teachers involve the following types of homework in the studying process. Mastering material under study according to the textbook; Performance of oral exercises; Performance of written exercises; Performance of creative works (essay writing, etc.); Preparation of reports on the studied material (coursework writing, etc.); Conducting observations and experiments. With a balanced combination of above homework types, it is possible to help students easily perceive information. Click here to get more info about writing an A-grade argumentative essay. Become a guru of case study writing with our  guide. What’s the Role of Homework in Improving the Education Quality? One way to ease the learning process is to improve the content and organization of at-home tasks on the subject. The variety of homework variants is vast. Each is aimed at improving the quality of students' knowledge, enhancing studying process, and systemizing acquired knowledge. Psychologists have found that the assimilation of knowledge and methods of activity is critical. The primary perception and consolidation of knowledge during the lesson with any arbitrarily effective organization of the study process must necessarily be supported by subsequent thinking and applying new knowledge. And if the primary perception and consolidation of knowledge can be frontal, the subsequent work is to be individual and independent. Homework is not a means of controlling a student. It is an opportunity to devote time to the studied subject. In such a way, you can systematize knowledge gained in the class and sharpen your skills on a particular topic. Without completing at-home tasks, the student deprives himself of additional time in studying. The goal of such an assignment is to consolidate knowledge and practice the skills acquired in the lesson. If you have other ideas and questions about who invented homework and why feel free to share your comments in a below section.

Legal and Ethical Issues in Health Care Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal and Ethical Issues in Health Care - Article Example A doctor is supposed to work towards the safety of a patient which is lacking in this short film. The dignity and respect of the patient is violated and her value of life is taken with less importance. We can see the autonomy of medical experts and physicians in this film. They have right and privilege to treat their patients with their own mind frame. The patients have fewer choices and remain a victim at their hands. There is no justice with the action of doctors as they are acting for their gain. The patient is a sufferer and an observer with no one to speak or act for her. Here we can see the discrepancies, injustice and malpractices in the health care all over the world. Patients many a times become an experimental object, money making machine for the doctors. The powerlessness of the patient can be clearly seen in this film. The doctors are supposed to display altruism, ethics and morality in their profession. We cannot see any of these aspects in the doctors who were treating the women called Vivian. The doctors were selfish, opportunist and immoral. Even while the woman was suffering from side effects, they did not do much to relieve her from pain and discomfort. The woman is treated with less care and attention. Eventually she dies because of the carelessness and unprofessionalism of the doctors. The patients are not treated with confidentiality and her life is just a matter of experiment for the doctors. This ethical issue can be seen in many doctors and they just use patient for their benefit and consider less about the sensitivity and emotions. In this film, we can see that the woman who is the patient is undergoing a change in her person hood throughout their experience with the disease. When she is undergoing treatment she thinks of her past and good days. As she approaches death, she thinks she could have been more kind to people. We can see her personhood as changed as

Challenges of restaurant operations in new Jersey Essay

Challenges of restaurant operations in new Jersey - Essay Example New Jersey is one of major tourist destinations in wildwood, Ocean City, Point Pleasant beach, fishing villages, beautiful barrier islands and scenic views. With all these we expect local and foreign tourists in these areas. To accommodate foreign tourists, there are several restaurants which serve as dining and accommodation avenues (Wilkerson, 2008). We shall look into details management of these restaurants and the overall effects of internal administration challenges, external factors and come up with possible mitigation strategies to these challenges. Management of restaurants is associated with several challenges due to the need of the industry to incorporate varied client needs and preference, develop and maintain the company image and to stand relevant businesswise. Managers of these restaurants and relevant stakeholders have to make decisions from administrative point of view and try to incorporate other factors such as state laws and provided statutes, demographic and geogr aphic factors to enhance operations of the restaurant. In the administration perspective managers are faced by several challenges which include; training of the staff, they should be trained to understand the menu items, how to respond to customers and overall organization flow within the restaurant. For instance, training of the front office employees may be different from those of the kitchen section otherwise known as back house operations. Training of front office employees who may include cashiers, waiters/waitresses and customer care requires diligence as they are the face of the restaurant. They need to understand different languages, be resilient to different attitudes of customers and the general customer-friendly attitude. Training of the back office staff has challenges in that they need to meet varied tastes and preferences of different customers because the kitchen section is the heart of the restaurant. To address this, employees need to be trained and attached to thei r areas of specialization. This is to bring the competitive aspect of the business in terms of quality services to the customer which is a necessity for image and brand development. Another challenge in restaurant management is cultural integration. Most restaurants employees are either immigrants from other states or from different regions with different cultures and incorporating these cultures in a single work force is a challenge. To address this challenge training and integration of cultural heterogeneity will be of paramount benefit to the restaurant and customers. Unpredictability is another challenge in a service industry where you cannot tell who is visiting today, what they will order and what is in stock. There could be a crisis if the operations for instance were expecting a thousand visitors, then the number increases and there are no radical measures to meet the increased demand. To address this, I would stand-by employees in case of an influx, gather reliable informat ion on tourist trends so as to enable procurement procedures and be flexible on duty allocation to the employees. Social concerns are another challenge facing restaurant industry in terms of amenities such as hygiene, security and incorporation of varied tastes and preferences of different visitors. These challenges can be addressed by understanding particular needs and want of the visiting clients and coming up with measures to

Risk Factors for Congestive Heart Failure

Risk Factors for Congestive Heart Failure Congestive heart failure is a syndrome characterized by the inability of the heart to pump enough blood and oxygen to meet the bodies energy needs, an also blood supply. Due to the inefficient pumping associated with heart failure, it then causes a backup of blood in the veins leading to the heart and causes the kidneys to retain fluid, thats when the body tissues start to swell. Heart failure can occur due to many causes such as, coronary heart disease, a heart valve disorder, a heart attack, or exposure to toxins, such as excessive alcohol use. In some people heart failure, will cause the heart muscle to weaken, and it wont pump as it should; in others, the heart failure will cause the heart muscle to become stiff, and between heartbeats the heart wont fill with enough blood. There are four main conditions that lead to heart diseases which causes heart failure, they are: congenital heart disease, heart attack and rheumatic heart disease. With coronary artery disease; a healthy coro nary artery opens, elastic, smooth, and slick. The walls expand and are very flexible to enable more blood through when the heart needs to work harder. The coronary artery disease over time makes an injury to the lining of the walls, making the injury of the arteries more susceptible, to atherosclerosis and the production of blood clots. Due to plaque buildup, it reduces blood flow, and narrows the arteries, so due to the narrowness blood clots will likely form. A heart attack is when the blood supply to the heart is slowed or stopped due to a blockage. Which refers to the coronary artery disease, the blockage happens due to the buildup of plaque. The congenital heart disease usually starts at birth. It is when the heart or the blood vessels near the heart are not normally developed before birth. Rheumatic heart disease describes a group of acute or chronic heart disorders that occurs when one has a rheumatic fever. When having this fever, a heart valve can become damaged. It is an inflammatory disease that can affect tissues of the body, especially the tissue within the heart, or the joint tissues, brain tissues, or skin tissues. The correlation of how all these coincide with each other are very evident, one triggers off another. The first, main symptom of heart failure is fatigue. As the conditions gets worse, shortness of breath, wheezing start occurring during exertion and while resting. If fluid accumulates in the legs, or ankles causing swelling, some sleep with elevated legs, and this makes breathing easier as well. A chronic cough can result as well due to the fluid in the legs. For those who are less active, a buildup of fluid can take place in the middle portion of the body, cause urination to take place excessively during the night, or a person can experience weight gain due to all the access fluid. For a heart attack symptoms, can include pain in the chest, neck, or jaw, sudden discomfort in the chest that doesnt subside over time, sweating, and difficulty breathing. Congenital artery disease has symptoms such as: heart murmurs, bluish tint to the skin, lips, or fingernails, and shortness of breath. Rheumatic heart disease includes excessive fatigue, heart palpitations, thumping in the chest, and s hortness of breath. As for coronary heart disease, it slows the flow of blood, and has a fatty buildup of plaque causing the slowness of blood. To be diagnosed with congestive heart failure, the doctor will review medical history, ask a series of questions such as the extent of how active one can be before the shortness of breath, and all other symptoms are happening, there will be an examination and the doctor will check vital signs, check the heart rate and rhythm, listen for aby abnormalities, press on skin of the ankles to check for swelling. An EKG, and x-ray will probably be done to check for any enlargement of the heart and to check for fluid in the lungs. For the four causes that lead to heart failure; coronary artery disease, heart attack, congenital heart disease, and rheumatic heart disease, it is same process, doctor will review medical history, ask a series of questions about the symptoms the patient is experiencing, listening to the heart. To diagnose heart disease, a coronary angiography is performed. It involves taking x-rays of the coronary arteries and the vessels that supply blood to the heart. An echocard iogram is used to record sound waves to create a picture of the hear; these waves show the shape, texture, and movement of the heart valves, and the size of the heart chambers and how well they are working. An EKG can be performed also to check to see how well the heart is functioning by measuring the electrical activity of the heart, it can detect abnormal heart rhythms that could have causes blood clots to form. Risk factors that associate with heart disease are obesity, excess weight increases the strain on the heart and increases the risk of developing heart disease, because obesity increases blood pressure, and blood cholesterol and then that can lead to diabetes. Hormone replacement therapy, some physicians believe it can prevent heart disease in women, but soon discovered it is harmful using the combined hormones who already have coronary artery disease. Stress and anger can cause heart disease. Scientist believe poor managed anger and stress can contribute to heart disease. Angina, which is chest pain which Is the main system of any coronary artery disease. To avoid heart failure, you must prevent heart disease, by eating healthy, controlling your blood pressure and cholesterol level, maintaining normal body weight, exercise regularly, and try not to smoke. The effects of the condition are the same. If you develop a heart disease, heart failure can come. If you develop congenital heart disease, you are born with it. If you are obese you can have it in early teen years. Mainly this occurs in ages 60+. Treatment available for heart failure is a lifelong condition but to reduce the symptoms and improving life span, the doctor may prescribe medication, and a low salt diet. There is no cure for heart disease, it is a condition that requires lifelong care. For medications, this is for people with moderate control of the disease, and they just make lifestyle changes, and take medications such as nitrates which that relieve chest pain, but it cant clear blocked arteries. There are other medications that help such as antiplatelet, ace inhibitors, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and nitrates. Surgery could be a treatment option, because it improves the blood flow to the heart muscle, it Is called Coronary Artery Bypass. Another one that can help is called counter pulsation, inflatable cuffs are placed on the legs and lower abdomen, and so when the heart relaxes the cuffs will inflate and then push the blood vessels of the heart. It is repeated over a series of days and the stimulates improved blood flow to the heart. For people experiencing a heart attack, there is no treatment, but they should seek medical help right away. Advances in medicine and the choice of having a halter lifestyle will decrees chances of death from heart disease. The outlook depends on the patients age, the severity of the heart failure, and heart disease. If it develops and has a treatable cause, some people can regain normal heart function after having treatment. Having treatment people still can enjoy a productive life. References http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/hhphealth/heart_failure/0?searchId=a0974ee4-08db-11e7-b7bc-12c1f5c39a71result=7 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/topic/congestive_heart_failure?searchId=a0974ee4-08db-11e7-b7bc-12c1f5c39a71 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/galegph/heart_disease/0?searchId=a0974ee4-08db-11e7-b7bc-12c1f5c39a71result=20 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/hupwh/congestive_heart_failure/0?searchId=27bd9f65-08e9-11e7-a9b8-0aea1e3b2a47result=0PHPSESSID=1umtuv34msp2lhp90kpcgagpn0 http://search.credoreference.com.prx-sbbcollege.lirn.net/content/entry/columency/congestive_heart_failure/0?searchId=27bd9f65-08e9-11e7-a9b8-0aea1e3b2a47result=1PHPSESSID=1umtuv34msp2lhp90kpcgagpn0

Effects of Nurse Staffing on Patients Outcomes Essay

This study focuses on the issue of nursing staffing and its effects on the outcomes of the patients. To begin with, the tem nursing staffing will be defined and followed by a discussion of nursing staffing in relation to the nurses themselves. Nursing staffing levels and their effects on the patient outcomes will also be discussed with regards to morbidity and mortality besides other indicators of patient outcomes, the impact of nursing staffing levels to quality of care as well as an overview of past studies as far as the relationship between nursing staffing levels and the outcome of the patient is concerned. Nursing staffing The term nursing staffing refers to the levels of nurses that are employed at a particular institution. Normally, the nursing staffing levels are measured as ratios of nurses to their patients within their institutions and the higher the ratio, the more preferred as it is thought to mean a better outcome for patients in their care whereas lower ratios are associated with poorer patient outcomes. Nursing staffing and the nurses Nursing staffing has been investigated with the nurses themselves in mind and such studies have included the Schmalenberg and Kramer study of 2009 which sought to establish and assess the factors that influence the perceptions or the opinions of nurses as far as nursing staffing levels are concerned. Nursing staffing has also been studied with regards to the negative effects on the nurses such as nurse burnout and job dissatisfaction such as the study carried out by Aiken et al in 2002. As far as international literature is concerned, most of the studies that look at the impact of nursing staffing on the nurses themselves concentrates on adverse outcomes such as physical injuries, encounters with aggression and violence, sickness and absenteeism, self reports of job satisfaction levels as well as burnout. According to the study by Schmalenberg and Kramer (2009), the nurses’ opinion of their working environment is a strong predictor of their opinions as far as the staffing of their units and of their institutions is concerned. Additionally, the factors that were found to profoundly affect this opinion are the competence of the staff, teamwork, flexible delivery system, and a balance of positions in relation to the needs of the patients that are under their care. The study by Aiken et al in 2002 revealed that there was a higher chance of nurses experiencing job related burnout in hospitals with high Patient nurse ratios. Further, nurses in institutions which had the highest rates of patient to nurse ratios were twice likely to suffer from dissatisfaction from their jobs. These influenced the decisions of nurses to leave their current jobs and thus creating more staffing problems that would lead to more negative patient outcomes. Nursing Staffing and the Patient There are various outcomes that are thought to be directly related to the staffing of nurses in any institution are associated with the patients, such as morbidity mortality, nosocomial infections, falls, pressure ulcers, suicide, and length of hospital stay, medication errors, post operative complications, infection rates and adverse events such as cardiac or respiratory arrests, most of which are negative patient outcomes (Flynn and Mckeown, 2009). There are various studies that have focused on this relationship such as the study by Aiken et al in 2002 however, according to Liang et al (2012); most of these studies have been carried out in western countries. Flynn and Mckeown also studied the relationship between the patient outcome and the nurse staff levels in a bid to identify information that would enable nursing managers to determine the optimum nursing staff levels. The quality of care that is given in nursing homes, which is also an antecedent of the patient outcome has been investigated in studies such as the study done by Castle and Engberg min 2003. Some of the studies that have been used to investigate the relationship between patient mortality as an outcome of nursing staffing levels have been cross sectional and critics have argued that these have failed to include a direct link between staffing and individual patient experiences besides lacking sufficient statistical controls (Needleman et al 2011). One of the patients’ outcomes that have been associated with low levels of nursing staffing is the mortality of patients (Aiken et al 2002). This study was carried out in Pennsylvania hospitals whereby the patients to nurses’ ratio were in the range of 4:1 to 8:1. In the course of the study, 4535 out of 232 342 surgical patients died within thirty days (Aiken et al 2002). This study concluded that four patients less for every nurse would reduce in fewer deaths in the same time and not just in the surgical wards but among all the patients hospitalized in California (Aiken et al 2002). A study by Liang et al in 2012 confirmed the relationship between nursing staffing levels and patient mortality. Cho et al also investigated the relationship between nurse staffing and negative effects such as morbidity, mortality and medical costs. Nurse staffing levels were considered as nursing hours and as nurse proportions and the higher the number of patients that a nurse was supposed to take care of, the higher the rate of mortalities and complications such as atelectasis and pressure ulcers among others in post operative pneumonia patients (2003). This was attributed to the higher than usual demands of taking care of these patients which demanded lower patient to nurse ratios. In yet another study by Kiekkas et al in 2008, the relationship between nursing overload and mortality among intensive care unit patients was investigated whereby the nursing workload was considered the result of total patient care demands and nurse staffing levels. Of the three hundred and ninety six patients who were admitted in the intensive care unit of a Greek Hospital, one hundred and two of them died. The workload of the nurses was found to be significant especially as far as mortality as an outcome was concerned in surgical patients, medical patients, and both groups together which indicated that patient care demands were an important moderator in the course of investigating the relationship between nursing staff levels and mortality (Kiekkas et al, 2008). Staffing of nurses and work environment variables have been assessed with regards to their effects on patient outcomes in a conceptual model by Meyer et al in 2009. The study was carried out in Canadian hospitals in their cardiac and cardiovascular patient units whereby the PCDM together with regression models was tested. PCDM in this case is an acronym for the Patient Care Delivery Model and in addition to confirming the relationship between nurse staffing levels and patients outcomes , the study indicated that patient outcome are also the result of factors associated with patients themselves as well as factors associated with the nurses (Meyer et al, 2009. Additionally, Liang et al established some of the reasons behind the high patient to nurse ratio in Taiwan most prominent of which was the desire of hospitals to control their expenditure but which had negative outcomes for its patients. Flynn and Mckeown in 2009 found out that it was important for nurse managers and others that are involved in the recruitment of nurses to critically examine the common methods that are used for the purposes of determining nursing skill mix as well as staffing levels in their effectiveness in the course of health service organization and delivery. This is in spite of the fact that most studies have been unable to accurately determine or support a minimum level of nurse-patient ratios in various hospitals (Flynn and Mckeown, 2009). Castle and Engberg in 2009 proposed that poor staffing in nursing homes was the result of high rates of turnover among the patients, low staffing levels, low stability levels and low use of agency staff and that poor staffing in nursing homes is accompanied by poor patient outcomes. However, in order to enhance staffing in nursing homes, administrators should focus on all and not just a few select characteristics (Castle and Engberg, 2009). In response to the failure of cross sectional studies to establish or demonstrate a direct link between levels of nursing staffing and patient experiences besides lack of statistical controls, Needleman et al carried out their own study of the nursing staffing levels and the outcomes of the patients in 2011. This study utilized the Cox proportional hazards model and established that the staffing of nurses below the recommended levels was related to patient mortality. Conclusion This study has been a literature review with regards to nursing staffing levels and patient outcomes. The definition of nursing staffing has been defined as well as the effects of nursing staffing on the nurses themselves besides the effects of nursing staffing levels on the patient outcomes. This has been done with various studies that have been done in the past concerning the subject.